Comparing The Ideas Of Edwin Sutherland - 1257 Words

Comparing the ideas of Edwin Sutherland from his 1940 publication of White-Collar Criminality with attitudes towards crime in the world today, specifically in George Ritzer’s Essentials of Sociology textbook, I believe that Sutherland would be fairly happy with the treatment of crime. The textbook’s treatment of the topic of crime aligns very well with Sutherland’s outlook. Ideas of crime seemed to be treated fairly in the text, avoiding the classic pitfalls of saying that crime is always associated with lower class sectors. With every mention of low social class and its positive correlation with crime, the book seems to come right back and explain the same thought another way. I think Sutherland would appreciate this attempt at teaching†¦show more content†¦131). This is such a true observation of crime and deviance in our society. Deviances are defined by an extremely biased subset of people. Those that create easily breakable laws are the same ones that will never find themselves in the situation where they need to break these laws. The same idea can be seen in some cities of the world today where a fine can be imposed on someone for sleeping on the street. Those who want people off the streets are the same people that will never foreseeably find themselves without a home to return to. As far as Sutherland’s possible opinion on how criminology has progressed since his time, I believe that he would be pleased in some areas and disappointed in others. Since Sutherland’s time, there has been a wider spread of accessible knowledge via technology. This increased ability for news to travel connects our world in ways that Sutherland never saw. This could have aided Sutherland’s view towards white-collar crime in the fact that when a white-collar crime is committed and found out today, there is little stopping that story from getting out. White collar crimes, when found out and prosecuted, are tremendous news stories. People can’t help but spread the news of a successful business man or CEO being caught red handed. And when these stories get out, they spread, and their negative views on white-collar crime spread too. Middle and lower class people seem to instantly rally against any successful businessman or person ofShow MoreRelatedThe Strengths Of Labelling Theory And Differential Association Theory1703 Words   |  7 Pagestheory of Differential Association by Edwin H. Sutherland falls under the tradition of the Chicago school of Criminology. Sutherland’s theory seeks to explain how the transmission of criminal values occurs. He described a constant battle between two cultures, one which contains negative definitions and values of criminal behaviour and one which contains positive definitions and values of criminal behaviour(Lilly, Cullen, and Bali. 2015). According to Sutherland, depending on the ind ividual’s exposureRead MoreHow do Differential Association Theories best Demonstrate that Criminal Behaviour is a ‘Learned Behaviour’1007 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinitions favourable to violation of law over definitions unfavourable to violation of law. Meaning, criminal behaviour appears when one is exposed to more social message favouring conduct than pro-social messages (Sutherland, 1947). Differential association theory can be understood as comparing two important dimensions. The initial dimension is behavioural- interaction and explains deviance as being produced through â€Å"direct association and interaction with others who engaged in certain kind of behaviourRead MoreThe Social And Emotional Development Of An Adolescent Essay1919 Words   |  8 Pagesgiven time. Dr. Anderson also accounted for things such as racial discrimination and the unemployment rate within these neighborhoods (Anderson, Holder, Robinson, Rose, 2009). At the conclusion of the study, the researcher’s results supported the idea that the environments adolescents are surrounded by have a direct impact on their own personal lifestyle. Many households were found to lack appropriate parenting styles and were categorized as being verbally and emotionally abusive. On a slightlyRead MoreEssay on The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison12486 Words   |  50 Pagesnot make up the majority of the inmates in our jails and prisons, they make up a proportion that far outstrips their proportion in the population.2 Here, too, the image we see is distorted by the processes of the criminal justice system itself. Edwin Sutherland and Donald Cressey write in their widely used textbook Criminology that Numerous studies have shown that African-Americans are more likely to be arrested, indicted, convicted, and committed to an institution than are whites who commit the sameRead MoreElectronic Media vs Print (Thesis Paper)13276 Words   |  54 Pages ââ€" ª Primary research has been conducted through a multiple choice/’yes’ and ‘no’ survey submitted to individuals in the general public as well as students in the MEDC 6000 class. I’ve used a multiple choice/’yes’ and ‘no’ survey to gain a general idea about the preference people have between media and print communication. This general data has served to lend credence to my secondary research focusing on society’s partiality of media over print as their primary source for information. ââ€" ª Secondary

Price Of Glory Essay Example For Students

Price Of Glory Essay * *A new movie called The Price of Glory is opening Friday, March*31,2000 all over. However, this movie will only be out for two weeks, if the*community does not support it. **This a movie about a Latino boxing family and it is refreshing to*see a movie about a Latino family where the roles are actually played by*Latino actors. The movie stars Jimmy Smitts, Jon Seda, and Paul Rodriguez*in a*role you wouldnt expect. We got the chance to preview the movie last night*and it is a great movie with a lot of comedy and still very heart-warming. **An actor from American Me was there promoting the movie and he*said that the African-American community has organized a group called the*Weekend group and every time a new movie comes out starring an*African-American*actor or director over 2 million people go to the opening day and support the*movie.They are trying to get a similar group started in the Latino community. *actor or director over 2 million people go to the opening day and support the*movie.They are trying to get a similar group started in the Latino community. ** If you are tired of seeing us in roles of gang-bangers, gardeners,*housemaids, heres a chance to do something about it and enjoy an*excellent movie. The movie will not be getting a lot of publicity at all*so spread the word, and if you see it and like it, go see it again!*If it makes a difference, OZOMATLI is on the soundtrack!:*Pass the word. The movie stars Jimmy Smits (formerly of N.Y.P.D. *Blue):** The Sacramento Hispanic Chamber or Commerce was responsible*for bringing the premier of The Price of Glory to Sacramento. It is an*excellent movie. You really have to go see it. At the premier they*announced that the movie will begin showing on March 31st. They told us*how important it is to go see a movie the first two weekends that it is out. *If the movie does*not generate enough ticket sales during the first two weekends it is pulled*from the theater. *Anyway, excellent LATINO actors, director and producer. The*company that paid for the movie to be produced,New Line Cinema, decided*not to advertise this movie to the American market. The only advertisement is*word of mouth. So, please help support positive Latino movies and tell*everyone*you know to go see it during the first or second weekend its out. See your*local newspaper for locations. Film and Cinema

Public Sector Reform free essay sample

Case Analysis of the Introduction of New Public Management in Small States By: Tamara McLeod ID #: 03-048181 Identify the main public sector reform issues and problems in the case Public sector reform refers to strengthening the way public sector is managed. The public sector may try and do too much with two little resources. In the case the main public sector reform issues highlighted were: †¢Political Issues, such as the political will of government representative, the Westminster/Whitehall model, and Constitution and the Colonial Administration practices. Economic Issues such as the need to attract potential investors, the need to be competitive through Globalization and the structural changes needed for loans and aids to be granted from the IMF. †¢Socio-Economic Issues such as the history of the country, the cultural dynamics of the state, pluralist vs. homogenous states. Review the theoretical arguments relating to these issues that are put forward by the author Wilens ki (1986) saw the greatest impediment to public sector reform as being the lack of political will. We will write a custom essay sample on Public Sector Reform or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This was supported by Mills who believed that public servants were trained in colonial administration and only could adhere to rules and regulations than make inform and rational decisions. Other theorist believes that the greatest argument for public sector reform was Globalization. Gidden and Scholte (1990) believed that globalization is a central driving force behind the rapid social, political and economic changes reshaping societies and contributing to public sector reform. Other theorist believed that the changes in ideologies, value systems and system of governance along with internal forces and pressures gave rise to the changes in public sector administration. La Guerra (1994) noted that the structural adjustments conditions that accompanied loans from the International lending agencies such as the IMF contributed for the need of public sector to be more efficient in there standard and measures of service delivery. Hood, Pollitt and Bouckaert (2000) noted that the variation in mplementing and succeeding of New Public Management varied based on the difference in emphasis that countries placed on its principles. These successes depended on the unity of public sector officials in a common goal and vision to the reformation process. Finally theorist saw the pluralistic nature of countries such as Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana as being contributing factors to the development of public sector reform program. And that homogenous society such as Jamaica an d Barbados had more success in implementing these principles as the cohesiveness of there public sector made such, with greater ease. Critically analyze the issues/problems identified, and comment on the Public Sector Mgmt solution described in the case to resolve them. The Political factors that impeded the process of public sector reforms are varying as they entail the political will of the directorates. This political will was hard to change as it was already embedded by the Westminster/Whitehall system of government in Caribbean states. It created a cabinet government and did not allow for regular swing between government and opposition. Plus it continued a system of colonial administration, in which public sector workers only abide by rules and regulations instead of standards and measures of performance. The economic issues presented in the case that foster the change from administration to management was described by Hood(1991) he listed various trends as the reason behind these changes. Firstly, the need to slow down or reverse the growth of the government in areas of expenditure, second, the shift towards privatization and semi-privatisation in an effort to reduce the economic burden of society by ways of government spending. Many countries had experience long economic boom until the early seventies when the global crises in the mid-seventies brought a sharp economic depression in many states. Thus there was the need to reduce cost in the public bureaucracies and increase efficiency to compete on the global market. Globalization, the increase mobility of goods, service, labor, technology and capital throughout the world is seen as the major catalyst for the reform in public sector administration. It is seen as the driving force ehind the changes of social political and economic changes in restructuring societies (Giddens, Scholte 1993). The third economic issue was the need for small states to seek loan or aids from International Lending agencies. The conditionality’s of these loans required reformation to structural and bureaucratic changes to increase standards and measure of service delivery. Finally to attract new potential investor’s governments introduces efficient and more standardize d systems of administration

Principles of Business SBA free essay sample

Inside this School Based Assessment (S. B. A) you will see the entrepreneurs’ plans and objectives for their prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazines. You will also find information on the description of the business; location, how capital will be obtained and the roles and functions of the entrepreneurs. This project will help others who read it by allowing them to know the necessary steps they should take, if they are interested in becoming an entrepreneur. Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my teacher, Miss. Howell, for her knowledge and expertise which helped me in the successful completion of this School Based Assessment (S. B. A). I would also like to express my gratitude to our heavenly father Almighty God, for providing me with the knowledge, strength, and the apprehension which guided me in the successful completion of my S. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Business SBA or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page B. A. Lastly, I would like to express my gratitude to my parents for providing me with the necessary finances and incite which assist me in the successful completion of my S. B. A. Description of the business DD’s Teen Magazine is a partnership business between two sisters, Debra Lodge and Debbian Lodge. Debra Lodge has over five years’ experience as a customer service representative and Debbian Lodge has her degree in sales and marketing. DD’s Teen Magazine is a part of the manufacturing industry. Magazines will be produced by purchasing newspapers from the Jamaica Gleaner Company, and putting the information together. Information from the newspapers will not be plagiarized. After information has been put together, it will be reviewed by the editor and printed. Batches of magazines will then be distributed to stores across the island. Mission Statement The mission statement of DD’s Teen Magazine will be: To promote reading among teens in Jamaica, so that they can make a meaningful contribution towards society’s development. Justification of location DD’s Teen Magazine will be located at 53 Hanover Street, Kingston Jamaica. I chose this location for various reasons. The following are listed below: Land Space: There will be availability of sufficient suitable land for this prospective business, at an economically viable price. It also is a suitable position which will attract business. Market Pull: The location of this prospective business will be attracted to sites close to where potential customers can be found. Linkage Industries: The location of this prospective business will be near other businesses on which it depends. It also will be located to other firms in a similar line of business. Selection of appropriate labour Labour Type of labour Number of employees Functions of employees Why is this type of labour necessary Managers Managerial 2 managers Planning, organizing, delegating, and motivating workers to ensure tasks are effectively carried out on time. This type of labour is effective to ensure the smooth operation of the business and to enable the business to make a profit. Editors Security Guards Skilled Skilled 3 Editors 2 Security Guards( night and day Security Guards). Responsible for reading information gathered before it is sold to the general public. Responsible for ensuring the safety and security of workers and patrons who enter the premises of DD’s Teen Magazine. This type of labour is necessary for the effective day to day operation of the business. So that workers can finish tasks delegated to them on time. Janitors unskilled 2 Janitors To ensure the environment is clean and healthy for patrons and workers. This type of labour is necessary for carrying out basic functions to make persons feel comfortable within their working environment. Sources of fixed and working capital Fixed Capital These are the durable (long-term) assets of a business which are used over a long period of time and are tied up in permanent use. Some examples of fixed capital are: land, building etc. For this prospective business, a sum of two million ($2,000,000) will be borrowed from The Bank of Novia Scotia Jamaica, and will be paid back gradually, at a later date. This capital will be used for the purchasing of the building. The capital will also be used for purchasing of machinery, such as: computer, printer, point of sale, magnetic stripe reader. Working Capital These are stocks of materials; cash, bank balances, and other items required for the day to day operation of the business and are continually being used up. For this prospective business, capital will be obtained from personal savings, a sum of five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000). And borrowing a sum of eight hundred thousand ($800,000) from family members. These capitals will be used for purchasing newspapers, ink to operate the printer, and papers to print information on. Roles of the entrepreneurs The entrepreneurs of this prospective business will perform various roles in order for DD’s Teen Magazine to begin operation. Some of the roles are listed below: We will organize the factors of production- bring together all resources necessary. Human and non- human for the effective operation of the business. We will also come up with new and creative ideas that will boost the production of the business. We will also come up with the capital necessary for the operation of the business. Functions of the entrepreneurs The entrepreneurs of this prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazine, have various functions that they will have to carry out, in order for the business to be successful. Some of the functions are listed below: Planning: This is the first stage of management. The entrepreneurs of DD’s Teen Magazine will be responsible for setting goals, deciding on resources needed, and the time line to meet these objectives. Organizing: The entrepreneurs of this prospective business will also be responsible for bringing together all the resources needed, in order to provide the goods magazines). Evaluating: The entrepreneurs of this prospective business will also be responsible for accessing output base on objectives set to determine how well they were met, and what steps can be taken to improve performance in the future. Type of production This prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazine, will be engaged in secondary production. This involves taking the raw materials from primary production and changing them into finished goods to be purchased by consumers. The newspapers that will be brought from the Jamaica Gleaner Company will be thoroughly read, so that we can get ideas to use in our magazines. These ideas will be put together and typed, after which they will be printed. Secondary production is also known as CONSTRUCTION and MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Levels of production This prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazine, will be engaged in domestic level production. Domestic level production involves producing goods locally, with in your home country. This level does not involve import from foreign countries. DD’s Teen Magazines will purchase newspapers within their home country, Jamaica, and use these newspapers in order to create the magazines. Quality Control Measures The entrepreneurs of this prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazines, have many measure that are put in place to ensure that the quality of the materials being issued meet demands of the customers. Some of those measures are listed below: A sample of the magazine is sent to the editors, in order for them to check the content. This is to ensure that the materials being read by the teens are age appropriate. Magazines are also double checked by the head of the customer representative department, to ensure that the free posters that were promised as a part of the package is available in all the magazines. Use of technology Two types of technology that will be employed by this prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazines, are: Computer Printer The different technologies listed above will enhance the efficiency of this prospective business, DD’s Teen Magazines. The statements below will show how these technologies will enhance the business’ efficiency. Computer: This will be used to type information which will be placed in the magazines. Pictures will also be gathered with the use of this technology. Computers will enhance the efficiency of the business, because it allows information to be presentable, and easily put together. Before computers were invented, a type writer was its replacement. This only allowed information to be typed; no pictures could be formed using the type writer. Some teens would not be interested in reading magazines without images. Printer: This allows the information that was typed to be printed. Without the printer the hardcopy of the information typed could not be printed. As a result of this the information could not be put together in the form of a magazine. Linkages DD’s Teen Magazines will be involved in forward linkage. This occurs when the finished products of one industry becomes the raw material of another industry. DD’s Teen Magazines will benefit from this linkage because newspapers will be purchased in bulks, so they are less expensive. This means the company will not pay a lot for the newspapers because they will not be bought one-by-one. Potential for growth Internal growth For this prospective business, there will be a great infrastructural expansion within the next two to three years. We also intend to employ more persons, purchase more machinery and office equipment. External growth This prospective business intends to have different branches in all the parishes of Jamaica within the next four to ten years. We also intend to make our company well known overseas and the rest of the Caribbean by forming Multinational Corporation. Figure 1: A diagram showing internal and external growth within the next ten years. Government regulation The regulatory practices governing the establishment of businesses refers to the rules and regulations by which persons who wish to establish a business should be guided. DD’s Teen Magazines will have to be duly registered with the Registrar of companies before business operations can commence. A certificate of registration will be issued to the company and must be appropriately displayed in the place of business. DD’s Teen Magazines will also be required to get a copyright license. Certificate of registration: This shows that the company is operating legally and the entrepreneurs will not be fined or imprisoned for illegal operation. The business also could not be terminated for not being registered. Copyright license: This is the exclusive right to publish or record a work. If you use someone’s work and do not have a copyright license, this is known as copyright infringement or plagiarism. The business could be terminated or the entrepreneurs could be fined or imprisoned for committing the act of plagiarism. Ethical Issues Ethical issues refer to the beliefs about what is right and wrong behavior or action. One ethical issue that DD’s Teen Magazines will have to adhere to is: Keeping promises: Free posters are promised to be available in the magazines for the customers. If promises are not kept customers will purchase goods elsewhere and the business will suffer a loss. If promises are kept customers will have more faith in the products of the business and will more likely to buy them.

Sample Argumentative Essay on Homeopathy

Sample Argumentative Essay on HomeopathyHomeopathy in itself is a natural remedy that is generally accepted and believed by most medical professionals to be an alternative medicine. Homeopathy is not known as a disease treatment and is generally used as an aid to ensure that a person's body functions properly, not to cure the ailment. The way homeopathy works is very simple; it uses chemicals and some of these chemicals are real and some of them are mere components of herbal medicine.Homeopathy in itself is not something that has been proven medically but it is pretty well accepted by medical professionals because of its healing ability. In many ways this is proof enough for homeopathy to be accepted by most medical professionals. So, in order to convince people that homeopathy is okay you have to write an argumentative essay that explains all the reasons why homeopathy is okay and what's not.You have to prove that homeopathy is not just another fake thing that someone has invented o r just something that does not work. The argumentative essay needs to show that homeopathy works and there are a lot of advantages to using homeopathy. These are the two most important reasons for using homeopathy to help someone who may be sick.This is an impressive way to prove to other people that you can think for yourself. They will likely assume that you are intelligent and that is a good thing. If they think you have a good brain then they will believe in your own self-worth and the reason that you use these arguments is to prove to them that you are smart enough to think for yourself.Homeopathy does not violate any laws or even threaten the health care system because it doesn't do any harm. When you give someone something homeopathic and it passes through their system correctly then they don't get sick or if they do get sick they don't get any form of disease. The word disease does not appear in any part of the scientific definition of homeopathy and this means that no laws or regulations are broken because of it.Write your essay using a persuasive style. It should be easy to understand and the facts about homeopathy should be accurate. Any facts that are incorrect or out of date should be labeled as such in the essay.Examples of this can be found all over the internet. It is up to you to check the sources and verify that the information is correct. Otherwise you could end up looking like a fool if the facts were not correct.Writing an essay on this topic is not hard at all and if you do it right you can submit it to be published online. Since so many people are now questioning homeopathy, the need for a persuasive essay is more important than ever.

4 Ways That Business Writing Courses Can Improve Your Grammar

4 Ways That Business Writing Courses Can Improve Your Grammar Even the best writers the ones who make six figures writing for the most prestigious magazines and websites slip up with their grammar; though, fortunately for them, they have full-time editors who catch those rare mistakes. But for the hard-working business employee who is juggling six different projects at once, sitting down for long hours of proofreading the kind of intense refining process that a professional writer undergoes is simply not practical. But the hard truth is that in the business world impeccable writing skills is a must, whether you're writing marketing pitches, internal reports, or a proposal. That's where business writing courses come in. Writing courses can improve your awareness of grammar, for example, to such a degree that your work does not require much proofreading. Before you know it, you become a grammar master who instantly knows the answers to common grammar conundrums like these four: 1. Affect vs. Effect Possibly one of the most common errors in business writing (or any writing, for that matter) is the confusion over using "affect" or "effect." Fortunately, the usage follows a simple rule. If you memorize it, this grammar pitfall will never trouble you again. "Affect" is a verb. "Effect" is a noun. Example: The presentation affected my understanding of sales. However, if you try to phrase the sentence this way, "The presentation had an effect on my sales," you are no longer using the verb "affect." You've switched to the verb "had." The word "effect" is a noun because it is the thing that the presentation "had." 2. Sink, Sank, and Then I Sunk - Help! This is another example of confusing verb tenses. In an email your colleague writes, "Our profits sunk last quarter, but that company's earnings also sunk." With the verb "to sink," the present tense is "sink." The past tense is "sank," and the past participle is "sunk," which is always paired with the auxiliary verb "had." Your colleague is using the past participle instead of using the past tense. The correct version: "Our profits sank last quarter, but that company's earnings also sank." 3. Should I Use "Shall" or "Will?" This is a situational problem. If you are using "shall" in the third person i.e. he shall complete that report then it obliges the subject of the sentence to perform the verb. In other words, it is a command. It's like when your mother says, "You shall clean your room," in a very authoritative tone. However, if you're using "shall" in the first person, there is no sense of obligation. It means simply that you intend to do that action sometime in the future: "I shall go to the cafeteria today." When you use the word "will" in the first person I will complete this spreadsheet it expresses a sense of determination. It is meant to convey your strong desire to do whatever is necessary to complete the task. But when you use "will" in the third person i.e. he will leave work early today it simply indicates that the person will do something in the future. 4. I "Sit," But She "Set" An easy way to remember when to use "sit" or "set" is to ask this question, "Is someone placing an object somewhere?" If the answer is yes, you use "set." For example, someone wants to bring some indoor plants into the office. They ask you where to put them. You would use the transitive verb "set" which always requires a direct object: "Set them on the window sill." If there is no direct object involved if no one is placing anything anywhere and you're just talking about people being in a location you would use "sit": "He sits at the conference table." This also applies to nouns that are not being moved by anyone i.e. The computer sits on the table. But if Bob comes over and moves the computer to the table, you would say, "Bob set the computer on the table." All of our business writing courses include instructor review of your individual grammar issues, resources, and correction strategies. Improve your grammar so that you spend less time proofreading and more time working. Not sure which course is right for you?

Class work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Class work - Research Paper Example organizations many rewards in several different levels, and well managed, the organizations can counterbalance the possible problematic aspects that exist, providing these organizations with an adjusted structure that can change the business into a prosperous enterprise operating in a worldwide stage (Mennis & Sauvant, 2006). Transnational organizations are flexible in many areas, such as business working hours, language of service, and market penetration among others. Given that the globe operate in different time zones, companies that function in other parts of the world service 24hours by tactically functioning in specific time zones thus increasing customer service levels. Personnel employed in the host country, know the language, and become part of the host culture. Consequently, the organization therefore gets an opportunity of extending its current market by selling its products and services in that host country (Moore, 2005). Diversity in the labor force equips the organizations with the experience and tools necessary to sell products internationally. This diversity not only brings in an enlargement in customer scope by growing the number of languages the company can service, but also equips it with experience in how to handle cultural variations among its client. Possessing this insight of managing diversity in language, provides firms with a competitive gain over industries that have only competed in home markets that cultural diversity may be absence. Finally, advancement in information technology in an organization gives it an upper hand to penetrate into international markets. Existence of global transnational corporations leads to a number of problems and shortcomings. Big corporations tend to pull wealth from establishing communities and localize it in localities where the corporation is centered. This can make the less central communities poor, mostly in unindustrialized nations. In contrast to small, local businesses, that recirculate both